Here is a list of common terms and explanations related to validating prior learning and credit transfer.
Individual eligibility assessment
A higher education institution’s objective assessment of an applicant’s knowledge and skills in relation to the expertise required for them to be eligible to study a specific course or programme.
Recognition
A process involving a structured assessment, evaluation and documentation as well as approval of a person’s knowledge and expertise regardless of it was acquired (Swedish Higher Education Act).
Expertise
The ability to use knowledge and skills in order to carry out tasks and solve problems.
Formal expertise
Expertise that an established organisation such as an educational institution, public authority or business have assessed and documented in formal conditions through grades, certificates, ID, etc.
Prior learning
The combined, actual expertise that an individual has regardless of how, when or where it developed. Formal proof is not required. This may be experience and knowledge acquired from professional careers, staff training, association activities and parenthood. The learning can be formal, informal and non-formal.
Formal learning
Traditional instruction that has taken place inside the formal education system. There are clear academic targets such as grades, degree or course certificates, or similar. Formal learning is designed in relation to a subject or field, time, and resources. It is regulated by laws, ordinances or other provisions. The quality of formal learning is assured through supervision and monitoring by public authorities.
Non-formal learning
Intentional and organised learning not regulated by laws, ordinances or regulations. Types of non-formal learning include study circles, labour market training and staff training. Quality assurance procedures for non-formal learning vary.
Informal learning
Often unintentional learning that is neither arranged nor structured. Informal learning often takes place at work, home, during leisure time and other casual contexts.
Assessment
Controlled process where previous learning is assessed in relation to expertise criteria or entry requirements.